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 <title>Aquaculture &amp; Seafood</title>
 <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/category/aquaculture-seafood.html</link>
 <description></description>
 <language>en</language>
 <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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 <item>
  <title>Artemia Culture for Intensive Finfish  and Crustacean Larviculture</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-106/600-106.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	<p>In Virginia and throughout the United States, freshwater and saltwater finfish and shrimp aquaculture is expanding rapidly. During the cultivation of most marine finfish and shrimp species – as well as some freshwater species – live feeds are an essential component during the larviculture stage. During larviculture, the rotifer is the most commonly used live feed upon transition of the larvae from endogenous (internal energy reserves) to exogenous (external) feeding. Upon completion of the rotifer stage, the most commonly used live feed prior to conversion of the larva to a dry diet is Artemia.</p>
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 25 Sep 2009 10:35:59 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-106/600-106.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Rotifer Production (as a First Feed Item) for Intensive Finfish Larviculture</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-105/600-105.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	<p>Live feeds are an integral component in the cultivation of most marine finfish species during larval stages. The first live feed that has demonstrated acceptability for most marine species, and which can typically be raised on a commercial scale, is the rotifer <i>Brachionous</i> spp. While approximately two thousand species of rotifers have been identified, most culturists rely upon the marine rotifers <i>Brachionus plicatilis</i> (L-strain) with a size range of 200 to 360 μm and B. rotundiformis (s-strain) with a size range of 150 to 220 μm (see figure 1). Rotifers are favored due to their size, their ability to be raised in mass cultures, and the fact that their nutrient composition can be quickly improved through the use of specialized enrichment diets.</p>
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2009 09:35:23 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-105/600-105.html</guid>
  <enclosure url="http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-105/600-105.pdf" length="1237330" type="application/pdf" />
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Freshwater Fish Farming in Virginia: Selecting the Right Fish to Raise</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-010/420-010.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	In Virginia and throughout the United States, interest in fish farming for profit or as a hobby has increased in the past few years. Encouraged by the success of trout farmers in western states and catfish farmers in southern states, prospective fish farmers question if similar opportunities exist in Virginia&apos;s fresh waters.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-010/420-010.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Pond Construction: Some Practical Considerations</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-011/420-011.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Conservative estimates place the correct number
of farm ponds in Virginia at over 50,000. These
ponds range in size from less than one acre to over
30 acres in size. Unfortunately, many of these
ponds are so poorly constructed that they fail to
serve the purpose for which they were originally
designed; some may be unsafe.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-011/420-011.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Planning for Commercial Aquaculture</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-012/420-012.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Aquaculture, the practice of growing finfish and shellfish under controlled conditions, is not a new concept. The Japanese, Chinese, Romans, Egyptians, and Mayan Indians of South America farmed fish for food and recreation prior to 2000 BC. They constructed ponds and raised fish much as fish are raised today. Both freshwater and saltwater fish are currently raised commercially throughout the world. Other fisheries-related products, such as shrimp, crayfish, oysters, clams, and frogs, are also raised commercially.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-012/420-012.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Clearing Muddy Pond Waters</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-250/420-250.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Muddy, cloudy water is not only unattractive, but can be
harmful to aquatic life. Although high sediment loads in
ponds seldom kill sport fish directly, muddy waters can
seriously reduce fish production.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-250/420-250.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Control Methods For Aquatic Plants in Ponds and Lakes</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-251/420-251.html</link>
  <description>

  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-251/420-251.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Fish Kills: Their Causes and Prevention</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-252/420-252.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Fish die as a result of a wide variety of natural and unnatural causes. Fish may die of old age, starvation, body injury, stress, suffocation, water pollution, diseases, parasites, predation, toxic algae, severe weather, and other reasons.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-252/420-252.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>The Control of Burrowing Crayfish in Ponds</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-253/420-253.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	At times landowners may be confronted with serious water losses resulting from the sudden collapse or gradual deterioration of earthen pond dams, irrigation canals, and drainage ditches. Although the loss of water from small earthen impoundments is frequently due to faulty construction, it may also be the result of undetected biological forces.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-253/420-253.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Liming Acidified Lakes and Ponds</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-254/420-254.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	&#8220;Liming,&#8221; as the word suggests, is the addition of
limestone (calcite), primarily calcium carbonate
(CaCO3), to neutralize acid waters and soils and buffer
them from rapid fluctuations in pH. Limestone
typically is applied to lawns, gardens, pastures, and
croplands to supply calcium, an essential plant nutrient,
and to decrease soil acidity.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-254/420-254.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Commercial Frog Farming</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-255/420-255.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Raising and selling frogs on a commercial basis has
not proven to be successful economically in Virginia
or elsewhere in the United States to our knowledge.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-255/420-255.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Understanding Fish Nutrition, Feeds, and Feeding</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-256/420-256.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Good nutrition in animal production systems is essential to
economically produce a healthy, high quality product. In
fish farming, nutrition is critical because feed represents
40-50% of the production costs.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-256/420-256.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Should You Attempt Fish Farming? Considerations for Prospective Fish Growers</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-897/420-897.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Fish farming is an ancient practice that can provide
many profitable opportunities today. The raising and
selling of fish on a commercial basis has proven to be
economically successful throughout the United States.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-897/420-897.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Safe and Nutritious Seafood in Virginia</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/348/348-961/348-961.html</link>
  <description>

  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/348/348-961/348-961.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Intensive Marine Finfish Larviculture</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-050/600-050.html</link>
  <description>
  <![CDATA[ 
	Marine finfish production is a rapidly expanding field, both in research and industrial aquaculture. A driving force behind this growth is the inherently high value placed upon marine finfish products in the marketplace.
  ]]>
  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-050/600-050.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>HACCP Verification Procedures - Validation of Blue Crab Retort Processes</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-070/600-070.html</link>
  <description>

  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-070/600-070.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Dealing with Trichodina and Trichodina-like species</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-205/600-205.html</link>
  <description>

  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-205/600-205.html</guid>
 </item>		
 <item>
  <title>Getting Acquainted with Amyloodinium ocellatum</title>
  <link>http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-200/600-200.html</link>
  <description>

  </description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 01:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
  <guid isPermaLink="true">http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/600/600-200/600-200.html</guid>
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