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Droplet Chart / Selection Guide
When choosing nozzles/droplet sizes for spray applications, applicators must consider both coverage needed and drift potential. As a rule, smaller droplets provide better coverage, but larger droplets are less likely to drift.
Aug 13, 2019 442-031 (BSE-263P)
Nozzles: Selection and Sizing
This fact sheet covers nozzle description, recommended use for common nozzle types, and orifice sizing for agricultural and turf sprayers. Proper selection of a nozzle type and size is essential for correct and accurate pesticide application. The nozzle is a major factor in determining the amount of spray applied to an area, uniformity of application, coverage obtained on the target surface, and amount of potential drift.
Aug 13, 2019 442-032 (BSE-262P)
Fine Tuning a Sprayer with “Ounce” Calibration Method
This extension publication discusses guidelines to quickly evaluate the performance of a sprayer. Sprayer calibration, nozzle discharge, spray pattern uniformity, speed checks, pump performance, and plumbing arrangements are evaluated with minimal calculations.
Apr 16, 2020 442-453 (BSE-320P)
Farm Security - “Treat it Seriously” – Security for Plant Agriculture: Producer Response for Plant Diseases, Chemical Contamination, and Unauthorized Activity Oct 11, 2019 445-004
2024 Pest Management Guide - Field Crops Jan 26, 2024 456-016 (ENTO-566P)
2024 Pest Management Guide - Horticultural and Forest Crops Jan 19, 2024 456-017 (ENTO-568P)
Information for New Pesticide Applicators Apr 19, 2023 ALCE-307NP
2021 Southeastern U.S. Vegetable Growers Crop Handbook
New varieties and strains of particular varieties of vegetables are constantly being developed throughout the world. Since it is impossible to list and describe all of them, only some of the better performing commercial types are listed in the specific crop section, either alphabetically or in order of relative maturity from early to late. These varieties are believed to be suitable for commercial production under most conditions.
Jan 8, 2021 AREC-66NP (SPES-292NP)
Accurate Application and Placement of Chemicals on Lawns Feb 12, 2020 BSE-318NP
Importance of Farm Phosphorus Mass Balance and Management Options
Phosphorus is a naturally occurring element that is one of 16 elements essential for plant growth and animal health. Research has documented that applying phosphorus in fertilizers or manure increases crop growth and yield on soils that are below critical agronomic levels, as measured during routine soil testing. Although the economic benefits of phosphorus fertilization on crop production are well-documented, too much of a good thing can be detrimental to the environment. Excessive soil phosphorus is a potential threat to water quality.
Feb 21, 2020 CSES-98P(SPES-178P)
Fall Cankerworm
Cankerworms are also known as inchworms, loop worms, and spanworms - this is credited to their distinctive way of moving. In order to travel, a cankerworm must grab leaves or branches with its front legs and then pull the rest of its body forward. This causes the abdomen area to contract and gives the worm the appearance of arching its back.
Feb 5, 2021 ENTO-223NP (ENTO-404NP)
Integrated Pest Management of Hemp in Virginia Mar 2, 2020 ENTO-349NP
An Introduction to Integrated Pest Management Apr 2, 2020 ENTO-365NP
Organic vs. Conventional (Synthetic) Pesticides: Advantages and Disadvantages Jun 24, 2020 ENTO-384NP
Pesticide Storage & Disposal – A Quick Guide for Home Use Jun 24, 2020 ENTO-385NP
Myth-busting Integrated Pest Management for Extension Master Gardeners Jul 14, 2020 ENTO-388NP
Understanding Pesticide Toxicity Nov 11, 2020 ENTO-389NP
Reading Pesticide Product Labels Jan 7, 2021 ENTO-390NP
Pesticide Drift Series: Understanding and Controlling Pesticide Drift Jul 7, 2021 ENTO-452NP
Pesticide Drift Series: Protecting Sensitive Areas from Pesticide Drift Jul 7, 2021 ENTO-453NP
Pesticide Drift Series: Using Buffers to Reduce the Impact of Spray Drift Jun 22, 2021 ENTO-454NP
Pesticide Spills: Prevention and Management Oct 4, 2022 ENTO-518NP
Selecting Pesticide Products Oct 6, 2022 ENTO-520NP
Selecting a Pest Control Company May 19, 2023 ENTO-558NP
Myth-busting Homemade Pesticides
Internet websites and social media platforms often contain information that misguide the public in using homemade pesticides. The use of homemade pesticides is concerning for several reasons. Homemade pesticides do not have directions for safe handling and application, instructions on how to protect people, pets, plants, and the environment, and are often ineffective. This publication will explain what homemade pesticides are and how they differ from registered pesticides. It will also debunk several common myths about homemade pesticides.
Aug 17, 2023 ENTO-570NP
Plant Injury From Herbicide Residue
Herbicides that are usually associated with contamination of straw/hay, turf clippings, manure, and composts are growth regulator herbicides or synthetic auxins, a group of herbicides that mimics plant hormones and regulates growth. These herbicides are labeled for control of broadleaf weeds in grass crops, such as pastures and corn; in turfgrass, including lawns, golf courses, parks, and highway turf; and in noncrop areas. Vegetable and fruit crops, as well as broadleaf ornamentals can inadvertently be injured by these chemicals through drift of spray droplets, volatilization, and spray tank contamination or by residues in straw, manure, turf clippings, or compost. Diagnosing the specific herbicide responsible for the plant damage can be difficult. This publication focuses on damage caused by herbicide residues.
PPWS-77P (SPES-565P)
Glyphosate Q & A Sheet Feb 8, 2019 SPES-113NP
2021 Virtual Eastern Shore Agricultural Conference and Trade Show Mar 12, 2021 SPES-312NP
2024 Mid-Atlantic Spray Drone Workshop
The Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech organized the Mid-Atlantic Spray Drone workshop on July 23-24, 2024 in Painter, VA. The workshop highlighted benefits of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), also known as aerial drones, emphasizing their role in crop protection and comparing efficacy and economics with traditional spraying methods. Over the two-day workshop, federal regulators, university researchers, industry personnel, and custom pesticide applicators (Figure 1) examined the current status of the technology, and debated drift issues, and management strategies. The workshop was attended by participants from Virginia, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and New York.
Aug 28, 2024 SPES-619NP
VCE Ag Today: Pesticide Updates
VCE AG TODAY is a weekly webinar that provides updates on agricultural practices. If you have any questions, please reach out to your local Extension office or visit www.ext.vt.edu.
Mar 1, 2021 VCE-1027-16
VCE Ag Today: Virginia Pesticide Collection Programs Nov 10, 2021 VCE-1027-52NP
Pesticide Applicator Manuals Dec 17, 2021 VTTP-2
Virginia Tech Pesticide Programs May 11, 2009 vtpp-1